Empirical Formula of Shear Strength of Rock Fractures Based on 3D Morphology Parameters     

Hangyu Dong  Baohua Guo  Yizhe Li  Kai Si  Long Wang 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2017,35(3):1169-1183

The prime objective of this work is to provide a reference to predict the peak shear strength of rock fractures. The paper studied some shear properties of rock fractures and proposed an empirical formula for the peak shear strength of rock fractures based on 3D morphology parameters. The rock fractures were induced in cylindrical sandstone and marble specimens by means of indirect tension. A rock direct shear apparatus (RDS-200) was adopted to conduct direct shear tests on five groups of rock fractures under different levels of normal load. Before the direct shear test, 3D morphology parameters of rock fracture surfaces were obtained using a 3D optical scanner. By analyses of direct shear test data, the relationships between peak shear strength, peak shear displacement, peak dilatancy angle, residual friction coefficient and peak normal stress were found. According to the evolution trends of peak shear strength and peak dilatancy angle along with the normal stress, an empirical formula was proposed to predict the peak shear strength of rock fractures in both sliding and cutting failure modes considering the 3D morphology parameters of rock fracture surfaces. The empirical formula could be commonly used for different types (sandstone and marble) and grain sizes (powder-grained, fine-grained, medium-grained and coarse-grained) of rock fractures.  相似文献   

西藏中拉萨地块晚侏罗世许如错花岗岩地球化学与岩石成因   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0  

闫晶晶  赵志丹  刘栋  王珍珍  唐演 《岩石学报》2017,33(8):2437-2453

西藏中部拉萨地块晚侏罗世花岗岩的岩石成因与源区性质目前尚未得到很好约束。本文报道了中部拉萨地块西段许如错岩体的寄主花岗岩和闪长质包体的锆石U-Pb年龄、元素地球化学和锆石Hf同位素成分。许如错岩体寄主花岗岩年龄为155.1±0.7Ma,闪长质包体与寄主花岗岩同期(155.7±0.7Ma)形成。寄主花岗岩属I型偏铝质-弱过铝质高钾钙碱性系列岩石,富集Rb、K等大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素,亏损Nb、Ta、P、Ti等高场强元素,锆石εHf(t)值(-16.6~-6.6)指示其可能来源于拉萨地块古老下地壳物质的重熔作用。闪长质包体为准铝质钙碱性系列,锆石εHf(t)值(-8.9~-3.8)具有总体为负但明显高于寄主花岗岩εHf(t)值的特征,表明这些闪长质包体代表了幔源物质组成的加入。许如错晚侏罗世花岗岩可能形成于班公湖-怒江特提斯洋洋壳在中晚侏罗世向南俯冲于拉萨地块之下,引起幔源物质与中部拉萨地块古老基底重熔所产生的酸性岩浆发生岩浆混合作用形成的。  相似文献   

四川盆地侏罗系大安寨段湖相含云质储层成因研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

邓燕  黄东  米鸿  金涛  闫伟鹏 《中国地质》2017,44(1):75-85

四川盆地侏罗系大安寨段是典型的致密油发育层段,勘探开发成果揭示,大安寨储层岩性主要为介壳灰岩致密储层。侏罗系大安寨段致密油勘探开发成效引人关注,特别是近期川中南部侏罗系大安寨段滨浅湖相的GSTMX地区,大安寨段显示频繁,部署的GQ1H在大安寨段获得高产工业油流。根据对最新钻探的GQ1H井解剖表明,含云质岩具有更好的储集条件和含油气性,是储层"甜点"有利分布岩性。通过老井复查、岩心、岩屑、薄片、测井等综合分析表明,含云质储层岩性包括云质灰岩、灰质云岩和泥-粉晶云岩,储集空间主要为粒间、粒间溶孔和微裂缝,储层储集条件好,成像显示溶蚀孔洞发育,川中南部云化程度高于北部。根据碳氧同位素、X衍射、地层水特征以及古地形综合分析初步认为,四川盆地大安寨沉积时期虽然为淡水湖泊,但在古地形、古气候、沉积环境以及湖平面变化共同控制下,局部地区仍然发育一定规模的含云质储层,该认识为川中侏罗系大安寨段相对优质储层深化认识奠定了坚实的地质基础。  相似文献   

Quantitative Analysis of Mineralization-Alteration Index about the Huize Lead-zinc district in Northeast Yunnan, China     

ZHANG Xiaopei  HAN Runsheng  ZHAO Dong  QIU Wenlong  HE Jiaojiao  CUI Junhao 《《地质学报》英文版》2017,91(Z1):249-250

<正>1 Introduction The super-large Huize lead-zinc ore district is one of the most representative lead-zinc deposits in Northeastern Yunnan poly-metallic deposit concentration district.So far,studies(Liu and Lin,1999;Han et al.,2007)on the type of deposits like the Huize lead-zinc deposit,focused on deposit genesis,the sources of metallogenic materials,  相似文献   

Geochemistry Characteristics of Granodiorite Porphyry in the Degongniuchang Copper Deposit, Muli, Sichuan Province, China     

MA Pengcheng  WANG Fudong  XIE Yunxi  PENG Dong  LI Hujie  XU Gang 《《地质学报》英文版》2017,91(Z1):187-188

<正>1 Introduction 1The Sanjiang region in SE Tibet Plateau and NW Yunnan is known to have formed by amalgamation of Gongwanaderived continental blocks and arc terranes as a result of oceanic subduction followed by continental  相似文献   

Research Advances of Coastal Ecological Carrying Capacity Evaluation Based on Sustainable Projects Plan     

Fan Xiaoshan  He Ping  Dong Jingru 《地球科学进展》2017,32(1):90-100

Coastal area is the region with the highest degree of economic and social development and the largest ecological stress in current China, where the proportions and the spatial patterns of developed coastal resource and environment are determined by projects planning. Ecological carrying capacity evaluation is the necessary prerequisite for sustainable utilization of natural resources and protecting ecological environment to ensure healthy and sustainable economic and social development to project planning. Based on the pressure types of projects planning on resources and environment, the concept and contents of coastal ecological carrying capacity were redefined for enhancing the practical value of ecological carrying capacity evaluation. The domestic and foreign research progress and advances related with coastal ecological carrying capacity evaluation were reviewed, which included habitat suitability evaluation, suitability assessment of construction land development, reclamation suitability evaluation and assessment of sea water environmental capacity. The conclusion noted that domestic research of coastal ecological carrying capacity needs to build a complete system of ecological carrying capacity evaluation methodology based on extensive reference to foreign research results, and quantitative evaluation and spatial visualization research related with coastal ecological carrying capacity should be carried out to provide strong support for ecological civilization process of economy and society in coustal areas.  相似文献   

南海中西部地貌单元划分及其特征和成因分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

祝嵩  姚永坚  罗伟东  徐子英  鞠东  刘胜旋 《地球学报》2017,38(6):897-909

南海中西部处于南海北部和南部的过渡带,夹持于印支地块和南海海底扩张中心之间,其特殊的地貌对于研究整个南海地质地貌有重要意义。本文基于广州海洋地质调查局在南海中西部海洋地质调查项目获取的水深、底质调查及地震剖面数据,结合该海域以往研究成果,提取了有关地貌的信息,编制了南海中西部地貌图。把研究区划分出陆架、陆坡和深海盆地三个二级地貌单元,以及水下岸坡、水下浅滩、海岭、峡谷、麻坑、阶地、盆地、海台、海山、深海扇、深海平原等众多次级地貌单元。文章详细描述了该海域各地貌单元的特征,提出了断层、火山、构造隆起和浊流等地质作用是本区地貌形成的主要因素。  相似文献   

SS-Y型伸缩仪气压扰动影响的特征分析与数学改正     

樊冬  尹传兵  李惊生  丁雨  徐清华 《大地测量与地球动力学》2017,37(12):1313-1316

收集、整理淮北台数字化SS-Y型伸缩仪观测资料,根据SS-Y型伸缩仪工作原理,分析气压因素对其观测资料的影响。结果表明,气压变化对观测数据有明显的干扰,且二者呈正相关关系。最后通过量化分析,建立淮北台SS-Y型伸缩仪观测值的气压改正数学解析式,能够对该气压效应进行有效改正。  相似文献   

Polysaccharides in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Sipunculus nudus</Emphasis>: Extraction condition optimization and antioxidant activities     

Qin Zhang  Lanfang Dong  Tong Tong  Qingchao Wang  Mingzhu Xu 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2017,16(1):74-80

Marine organisms constitute unlimited resource of bioactive substances due to their high biodiversity and represent a valuable source of new compounds. This study optimized the alkali-extraction conditions and antioxidant activities of soluble polysaccharides from the body wall of Sipunculus nudus. The effects of solid-liquid ratio, extraction duration, extraction temperature, and alkali concentration on the yield of S. nudus polysaccharides (SNP) were examined, according to which the optimal combination of extraction parameters was obtained by an orthogonal test. The relative influencing importance of different extraction parameters on the yield of SNP followed the order as solid-liquid ratio > extraction temperature > alkali concentration > extraction duration. The highest extraction yield, 1.98%, was achieved under an optimal extraction condition: temperature 60°C, solid-liquid ratio 1:6 g mL^?1, duration 5 h, and alkali (NaOH) mass fraction 6%. The in vitro antioxidant activities examination showed that extracted SNP under this optimized condition had strong power in reducing certain hydroxyl and superoxide radical scavenging abilities. The promising results showed that extracted SNP could be a potent natural antioxidant.  相似文献   

Isolation and characterization of melanin pigment from yesso scallop <Emphasis Type="Italic">Patinopecten yessoensis</Emphasis>     

Xiujun Sun  Biao Wu  Liqing Zhou  Zhihong Liu  Yinghui Dong  Aiguo Yang 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2017,16(2):279-284

Melanin is one of the essential compounds in the pigments of molluscan shells. However, the effects of melanin on color variations in molluscs are largely unknown. Our previous study suggests that Yesso scallop Patinopecten yessoensis might contain melanin pigment in the dark brown shell. We therefore isolated melanin from the pigmented shells using hydrochloric acid method, and characterized the types of melanin pigments by spectrophotometry. The purified melanin, which was verified by spectrophotometry scanning and HPLC analysis, showed the typical characteristics of melanin absorption spectra and HPLC chromatograms. The contents of pheomelanin and eumelanin in pigmented shells, which were determined by the linear standard curve of melanin at 405 nm and 350 nm absorbance, were 48.23 ± 1.350 and 157.65 ± 5.905 mg, respectively. The present results indicate that the brown-pigmented shells of scallops comprise approximately 76.6% of eumelanin and 23.4% of pheomelanin, which supports the presence of eumelanin-rich pigment in scallop shells. Therefore, the combination of hydrochloric acid extraction and spectrophotometric quantification is a rapid and efficient method to isolate and quantify melanin in shells. This will facilitate the melanin studies related to shell color polymorphism and the selective breeding of bivalves with different shell colors.  相似文献